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Can brain scientists read your mind?
This is a grid of numbered electrodes, with many contacts on the brain. Each contact is like a "spying microphone" capturing the activity of hundreds of thousands of cells, says Dr. Josef Parvizi.
October 15th, 2013
11:01 AM ET

Can brain scientists read your mind?

What are you thinking about? You wouldn’t always want the answer to that question available to others, but science may be heading in that direction.

For now, researchers are far from being able to tap into your thoughts. But a new study shows how, just by looking at brain activity, it may be possible to see whether or not you're thinking about numbers.

"The patient doesn’t need to talk to you. They can think about numbers and you can see that red mark (corresponding with activity in a particular brain region) go up," said Dr. Josef Parvizi, associate professor of neurology at the Stanford University Medical Center and senior author of the study. The study is published in the journal Nature Communications.

Take note, this study was done on only three people with uncontrolled seizures - that's a tiny sliver of humanity. But Parvizi said most studies on patients with intracranial electrodes only involve two to five participants, since recruitment is so difficult.

These patients had electrodes implanted in their brains to locate the source of their seizures. Surgeons perform this procedure to isolate or remove the area where seizures begin.

The researchers used these electrodes that had been implanted for locating seizures to investigate brain activity in relation to thinking about numbers, particularly in the parietal lobe. In previous studies, this brain area has been shown to be important to a person's ability to do numerical calculations.

In one part of the experiment, patients looked at a computer screen while lying down and responded to prompts regarding the accuracy of statements. They would press "one" if the sentence or mathematical equation were correct, "two" if incorrect.

Each time a patient would perform a calculation, a group of neurons in the parietal lobe - specifically a region called the intraparietal sulcus - was very active, Parvizi said.

In another part of this study, researchers used a computer to trace the activity of the same group of neurons in the patients in an unconstrained setting. They recorded conversations between patients and experimenters, and juxtaposed the brain activity data to show the correlations between spiking activity in the math-related brain region and quantitative statements that patients made.

When patients were seeing, thinking or talking without a script, it seemed that the natural activation in the parietal lobe tended to occur right before they said something quantitative, Parvizi said. It didn't happen every time, of course; more research would be needed to verify these findings.

Oxford University researcher Roi Cohen Kadosh called this “an innovative study that shows a nice relationship between neuronal activity during experimental setting and everyday situations.” But he pointed out that it is unclear whether the same results would be seen in healthy people, whose brains had not experienced seizures. Other studies have found multiple brain areas related to numerical understanding.

The bottom line: Just by looking at the data about brain activity, it may be possible to know when a person was thinking about numbers.

This is much simpler than trying to decode more specific thoughts from brain activity patterns. There's no way for scientists to know if you are daydreaming about hiking with your romantic partner, worrying about finishing a big project or making a grocery list.

"We are light years behind in doing such a thing. There is absolutely no way for us to kind of record what exactly the patient is thinking because that needs a lot of complicated decoding," Parvizi said.

Instead, this study presents a method of studying brain activity in order to get a general sense of what a person is experiencing through thoughts.

"Of course, it's just a matter of time (before) you're going to be able to decode brain activity in very complex conditions, such as thinking," Parvizi said.

Mind control? Brain controls brain in new demonstration


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Official meanings suggest that depressive conditions, likewise recognized colloquially as clinical depression, are identified by: sudden depression of a person's state of mind, in the unfavorable instructions, of moderate to strong strength of the strength of the knowledgeable modifications, for more than a few weeks. There may be one or more factors for the occurrence of changes. It likewise happens that it is difficult to recognize any kind of indisputable reason. We really frequently encountered the statement that it is a human being condition of the 21st century – it affects both older as well as more youthful individuals. Our education is trivial for depression, let alone our incomes – it can influence any individual. Treatment of clinical depression comes down to: pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and also psychoeducation, photo-therapy, electroconvulsive therapy and also even more all-natural activities connected to the increase of physical activity as well as the intro of significant adjustments in the daily diet plan. It is as part of all-natural approaches of battling and combating clinical depression that the addition of marijuana prep work with cannabinoids naturally occurring in the plant in the day-to-day diet regimen is acquiring an increasing number of appeal worldwide. Cannabidiol CBD, located in e.g. CBD oil or full-spectrum hemp oil, shows up in numerous scientific researches as a possibly reliable cannabinoid in the treatment of depression. Notably, it is a 100 natural chemical substance of plant origin. Remarkably, depression is amongst the three most typical mental illness in which patients resort to CBD hemp prep work such as CBD oil, complete range hemp oil with CBD or CBD pills. Records from customers and also their favorable point of views on the effectiveness of e.g. CBD oil or full range hemp oil with all-natural CBD are expanding at an unprecedented pace. THC and CBD cannabinoids – differences The key cannabinoids in the marijuana plant are THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol). They show antagonistic impacts, which indicates that CBD lowers the impacts of THC. What are these results? THC has an intoxicating impact, causes a sensation of euphoria, influences cognitive features, but also relaxes. Large, on a regular basis eaten doses of THC are thought about harmful to the human brain. Excessive consumption of THC can cause psychosis, absence of inspiration, and also even long-term negative changes in cognitive feature. Both THC as well as CBD impact the endocannabinoid system in the body. Their action, as already mentioned, is contradictory. Cbd-a-thc-in-the-endocannabinoid-1 system When composing images, CBD reduces the deficiency of anandamide resources, as well as THC accelerate this procedure. Nonetheless, this does not imply that THC is only a damaging cannabinoid as well as ought to not be in the preparation in any way. However. Its little visibility in hemp preparations is even needed in order to acquire the so-called impact. harmony. THC completely range hemp oil exists in such a minimal and also, notably, lawful amount. This amount is so tiny (less than 0.2) that it does not cause drunkenness. Working together, THC and CBD have higher potential than either particle performing alone. What is anandamide (AEA)? What is its value for individuals dealing with anxiety? Read on! CBD, Clinical depression and also the endocannabinoid system The endocannabinoid system is a crucial system in charge of the regulation of standard human physical procedures, such as power management, neurohormonal and also neuroimmune links, electric motor task, mood and inspiration, and fat metabolic rate. The endocannabinoid system includes a neurotransmitter called anandamide (AEA). Anandamide is a neurotransmitter that is normally produced in the human brain. Its manufacturing is boosted by e.g. exercise, and also to a lower level by the so-called collaborate with the body (massage!). Its sources are "utilized" to maintain the correct functioning of the body, including in the field of mental health and wellness. As received this research study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580381 high degrees of anandamide are associated with a reduced threat of developing psychotic symptoms. A high degree of anandamide is additionally associated with a favorable effect on the decrease of clinical depression as well as stress and anxiety symptoms. This device is still not totally understood, yet it appears logical that a highly depressed state of mind in a private amount of time for a certain case, and also with the simultaneous lack of activities targeted at its enhancement, leads to an aggravation of the influx of negative ideas. As depressive conditions establish, they can develop into much more unsafe types of problems, e.g. psychosis, deceptions or schizophrenia. Slowing down this procedure as promptly as feasible might turn out to be essential in the effective therapy of mental illness of human performance.

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Get a behind-the-scenes look at the latest stories from CNN Chief Medical Correspondent, Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Senior Medical Correspondent Elizabeth Cohen and the CNN Medical Unit producers. They'll share news and views on health and medical trends - info that will help you take better care of yourself and the people you love.